Write your message

XML Persian Abstract Print


1- Civil Engineering department,Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran Orcid: 0000-0003-4310-6182
2- Kazakhastan ATU Universityorcid.org/0000-0002-4955-2469
Abstract:   (19 Views)
With the ongoing industrial development and the expansion of reinforced concrete structures—predominantly concentrated in coastal regions—the need for designing and evaluating self-compacting concrete (SCC) has grown substantially. This study focuses on the incorporation of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers, silica fume, and calcium carbonate powder in SCC mix designs, particularly for concrete exposed to or cured in seawater environments. The findings indicate that the high chloride content in seawater accelerates the hydration process, shortens setting time, and enhances early-age compressive strength. Moreover, laboratory results demonstrate that polycarboxylate superplasticizers effectively mitigate the adverse effects of chlorides. SCC specimens cured in seawater exhibited relatively higher compressive strength compared to those cured in potable water.
Full-Text [PDF 740 kb]   (4 Downloads)    

Type of Study: Research Paper | Subject: Offshore Structure
Received: 2025/11/13 | Accepted: 2026/02/16

References
1. Yang, B.X., Xie, T.Y., Yu, Y., Zheng, Y. and Xu, J.J., (2022), Mechanical properties and environmental performance of seawater sea-sand self-compacting concrete, Advances in Structural Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 15, p.3114-3136. [DOI:10.1177/13694332221119863]
2. Yahyaei, B., Asadollahfardi, G., Por, E.M., Samadi, S.Y., Valizadeh, T. and Cici, Y.M., (2023), Experimental and statistical study of mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete using seawater for making and curing, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, Vol. 22, No. 11. [DOI:10.30638/eemj.2023.161]
3. Gheidan, E., Ab. Kadir, M.A. and Aluko, O.G., (2025), A thorough review of thermal and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced ordinary Portland cement-SCC and pozzolanic-SCC, Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 2, p.268-290. [DOI:10.1108/JSFE-08-2024-0031]
4. Seelapureddy, J., Bommisetty, J. and Rao, M.S., (2021), Effect of metakaolin and micro silica on strength characteristics of standard grades of self-compacting concrete, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 45, p.884-890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.936 [DOI:10.22060/CEEJ.2022.20488.7438]
5. Wang, H., Li, P., An, X., Cheng, W. and Wang, D., (2025), Influence of pre-demolding early-age loading on post-demolding microstructure and compressive strength evolution of self-compacting concrete under different curing regimes: Experiments and multi-scale model, Case Studies in Construction Materials, Vol. 22, p.e05141. [DOI:10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e05141]
6. Odeyemi, S.V. and Ogunmakinde, O., (2025), Effect of seawater use on the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete, Discover Civil Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 1, p.45. [DOI:10.1007/s44290-025-00197-w]
7. Jose, A., Nazeer, M., Kumar, R.S. and Sathyan, D., (2024), Mock-up pragmatic study on the impact performance of self-compacting concrete incorporating sea sand, Scientific Reports, Vol. 14, No. 1, p.24744. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-75613-9] [PMID] []
8. Sun, C., Chen, Z., Chen, J., Zheng, Y., Sun, W., He, H., Wu, Z. and Wei, Z., (2025), Effect of seawater and sustained load on the long-term bond durability performance of GFRP bars embedded in high-volume fly ash self-compacting concrete prepared with seawater and sea sand, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 491, p.142809. [DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142809]
9. Sahu, S., (2021), Technological forecasting for commercializing novel low-carbon cement, in Intelligent and Sustainable Cement Production: Transforming to Industry 4.0 Standards, p.405. [DOI:10.1201/9781003106791-12]
10. Mukhtar, A., Qazi, A.U., Khan, Q.S., Munir, M.J., Kazmi, S.M.S. and Hameed, A., (2022), Feasibility of using coal ash for the production of sustainable bricks, Sustainability, Vol. 14, No. 11, p.6692. [DOI:10.3390/su14116692]
11. Karlina, A.I., Karlina, Y.I. and Gladkikh, V.A., (2023), Analysis of experience in the use of micro-and nanoadditives from silicon production waste in concrete technologies, Minerals, Vol. 13, No. 12, p.1525. [DOI:10.3390/min13121525]
12. Ferron, R.D., Stacey, S., Carris, G. and Rung, M., (2017), Evaluation of ASTM C 494 procedures for polycarboxylate admixtures used in precast concrete elements, Project Summary.
13. Bagi, H. and West, R.R., (2015), Microfacies and environmental significance of hypercalcified demosponges of the Upper Jurassic Esfandiar platform (Shotori Mountains, Tabas Block, eastcentral Iran), Carbonates and Evaporites, Vol. 30, p.483-493. [DOI:10.1007/s13146-015-0269-y]
14. Pradhan, S.S. and Panda, K.C., (2017), Assessment of fresh and hardened properties of concrete using supplementary cementitious materials, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 4, No. 9, p.9837-9841. [DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.06.277]
15. Adetukasi, A.O., Fadugba, O.G., Adebakin, I.H. and Omokungbe, O., (2021), Strength characteristics of fibre-reinforced concrete containing nano-silica, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 38, p.584-589. [DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.123]
16. Sun, Y., Alqurashi, M. and Mostafa, S.A., (2024), Exploring the impact of seashell powder and nano-silica on ultra-high-performance self-curing concrete: Insights into mechanical strength, durability, and high-temperature resilience, Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, Vol. 63, No. 1, p.20240080. [DOI:10.1515/rams-2024-0080]
17. Younis, A., Ebead, U., Suraneni, P. and Nanni, A., (2018), Fresh and hardened properties of seawater-mixed concrete, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 190, p.276-286. [DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.126]
18. Li, W., Jiang, Z., Lu, M., Long, W., Xing, F. and Liu, J., (2021), Effects of seawater, NaCl, and Na₂SO₄ solution mixing on hydration process of cement paste, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 5, p.04021057. [DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003673]
19. Sánchez-Herrero, M.J., Fernández-Jiménez, A. and Palomo, A., (2017), C₃S and C₂S hydration in the presence of Na₂CO₃ and Na₂SO₄, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 100, No. 7, p.3188-3198. [DOI:10.1111/jace.14855]
20. Lu, Z., Liu, J., Ma, S., Zhang, B., Xu, Z., Xie, J. and He, S., (2025), Durability study of low-alkalinity sulfoaluminate cement seawater-sea sand concrete in a marine environment, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol. 37, No. 4, p.04025051. [DOI:10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-18938]
21. Yaphary, Y.L., Lam, R.H. and Lau, D., (2020), Reduction in cement content of normal strength concrete with used engine oil (UEO) as chemical admixture, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 261, p.119967. [DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119967]
22. Zhang, P., Wu, J., Wei, X., Zhang, C. and Gao, Z., (2025), Effects of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the rheological properties of cement-based composites, Journal of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 2, p.77-90. [DOI:10.56578/jche030202]
23. Şimşek, O., Aruntaş, H.Y., Demir, İ. et al., (2022), Investigation of the effect of seawater and sulfate on the properties of cementitious composites containing silica fume, Silicon, Vol. 14, p.663-675. [DOI:10.1007/s12633-021-01052-0]
24. Chiker, T. and Aggoun, S., (2024), Limestone powder and silica fume performance on slag-blended PLC plain and self-consolidating mortars properties, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 24, p.26. [DOI:10.1007/s43452-023-00805-5]
25. Golgota, A., Vrusho, B. and Dhoska, K., (2023), Properties of aggregates in durable concrete working in normal and aggressive marine environmental conditions, International Journal on Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering (IJTPE), Vol. 15, No. 57, p.376-382.
26. RILEM TC 197-SCC, (2010), Specification, production and compliance of SCC, Materials and Structures, Vol. 43. [DOI:10.1617/s11527-010-9631-2]

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
International Journal of Maritime Technology is licensed under a

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.