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1- Master of student in Civil Engineering-Transportation Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
2- Assistant Professor, Traffic Safety Department, Imam Hassan Mojtaba University
3- Civil Engineering Instructor, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
Abstract:   (18 Views)
The present study was conducted with the aim of designing an optimal model for the ballast voyage transportation system in Iranian ports. In this regard, a mixed research approach was used. In the qualitative part, the main components of the model were identified through semi-structured interviews, and in the quantitative stage, the validity of the proposed model was tested using data collected through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the qualitative part of this study consisted of specialists, experts, and officials related to the Iranian maritime transportation system, who were selected using the snowball sampling method. This process continued until theoretical saturation was reached. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers, experts, and active employees in the field of maritime transportation, who were selected through random sampling; at this stage, 70 people participated in completing the questionnaires. Qualitative data from the interviews were analyzed using phenomenological methods and coding techniques. The results of the qualitative analysis identified key components affecting the efficiency of the ballast voyage Transportation system, including laws and regulations, physical infrastructure, incentives and persuasion of cargo owners, changes in export and import capacity, proper implementation of unloading and loading methods, and the form of seller and buyer obligations. Also, 17 subcomponents were extracted for these main components, which were drawn using MaxQuda software. In the quantitative part, data analysis was carried out through structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis using PLS software. The results of the factor analysis showed that, respectively, incentives and support for cargo owners, laws and regulations, and physical infrastructure have the highest factor loading in affecting the efficiency of the ballast voyage transportation system. In addition, based on the results of the t-test, in order to achieve an optimal model of the transportation system in the route of empty ships in Iranian ports, each component should be prioritized and acted upon in the following order of its impact: utilizing imports as a supplement to exports for the owners of the goods, allowing flexibility in export and import capacities, benefiting from the legal benefits of special and free zones, such as establishing production centers in these areas, planning to reduce and equalize price differences. The findings of this research can be presented and utilized as a basis for providing an operational framework for optimizing the maritime transportation system in the routes of ballast voyage.

 
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Type of Study: Research Paper | Subject: Environmental Study
Received: 2025/05/24 | Accepted: 2025/08/16

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International Journal of Maritime Technology is licensed under a

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