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Mehdi Golbahar Haghighi, Ali Akbar Aghakoochak,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (3-2007)
Abstract

Oil and Gas offshore pipelines, often pass through large geographical areas, from the supply point to the end-user, crossing seismic-active areas. For unburied pipelines, both seismic ground wave and permanent ground deformation can cause severe damage to pipelines, depending on the pipeline geometry and connected structures. Due to the largely non-linear nature of the problem, a finite element analysis (FEA) is the most general tool for sub sea pipeline design under seismic loading. Throughout this research, the responses of an offshore unburied pipeline resting on the seabed in shutdown and operation conditions will be investigated under various earthquake loading including various types of seismic faults (strike-slip, Normal, reverse and oblique) and also seismic ground wave propagation for Probable Persian Gulf earthquake magnitudes. The pipeline integrity regarding operation criteria in critical conditions will be assessed. In addition, effects of two different site soil properties and pipeline end restraint on pipeline behavior will be investigated.


Mohammad Moonesun, Sajjad Ardeshiri, Ahmad Asgari Jezi,
Volume 19, Issue 39 (9-2023)
Abstract

This article has reviewed the dynamic equations of naval submarines by considering all parameters affecting them and summarized a complete set of existing equations. Usually, submarine dynamic equations are complicated and difficult due to the multitude of parameters in them, especially in military submarines that have both normal and emergency conditions such as emergency ascent. These parameters include the following, all of which have been compactly reviewed in this article: Weight and buoyancy distribution, load changes and water changes inside the trim and compensation tanks, metacentric height, amount of thrust force and vertical distance between the thrust direction and the center of gravity, the position of the hydroplanes and their moments, the center of pressure and the effects of speed on Submarine dynamic behavior. Also, a speed is defined in the submarine maneuver that the control of the submarine by after hydroplanes is not possible. Due to the importance of this phenomenon, the reverse speed and its formulation are also presented in this article.


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